10 Common Cat Health Issues and How to Prevent Them

Cats may seem independent and low-maintenance, but like all pets, they need proper care to stay healthy. Understanding common feline health issues can help you prevent them before they become serious. Here are 10 of the most common cat health problems—and what you can do to keep your furry friend safe and healthy.

1. Obesity

The Issue: Overweight cats are more prone to diabetes, heart disease, and joint problems.

Prevention Tips:

• Feed measured portions instead of free-feeding.
• Choose high-quality, balanced cat food.
• Encourage daily play with toys or climbing trees.
• Schedule regular vet checkups to monitor weight.

2. Dental Disease

The Issue: Plaque and tartar buildup can lead to gingivitis, tooth loss, and painful infections.

Prevention Tips:

• Brush your cat’s teeth with vet-approved toothpaste.
• Offer dental treats and toys.
• Get professional dental cleanings as recommended by your vet.

3. Hairballs

The Issue: Cats often groom themselves, swallowing loose fur that can form hairballs and cause vomiting or blockages.

Prevention Tips:

• Brush your cat regularly to remove loose hair.
• Add fiber to their diet if your vet approves.
• Use hairball control treats or supplements if needed.

4. Fleas and Parasites

The Issue: Fleas, ticks, and intestinal worms can cause irritation, anemia, and disease.

Prevention Tips:

• Use monthly flea and tick preventives.
• Keep your cat indoors or supervise outdoor time.
• Get regular fecal tests from your vet.

5. Urinary Tract Issues

The Issue: Conditions like urinary tract infections (UTIs) and feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) are common, especially in male cats.

Prevention Tips:

• Provide fresh water at all times.
• Feed a balanced, moisture-rich diet.
• Keep the litter box clean and stress-free.
• Watch for signs like straining or frequent urination.

6. Respiratory Infections

The Issue: Cats can catch colds or upper respiratory infections, especially from shelters or other cats.

Prevention Tips:

• Keep vaccinations up to date.
• Limit exposure to sick animals.
• Quarantine new cats before introducing them to others.

7. Kidney Disease

The Issue: Chronic kidney disease is common in older cats and can be life-threatening.

Prevention Tips:

• Schedule regular senior wellness exams.
• Feed a balanced diet with proper hydration.
• Monitor weight loss, increased thirst, or changes in urination.

8. Diabetes

The Issue: Overweight and older cats are especially at risk for diabetes.

Prevention Tips:

• Maintain a healthy weight through diet and exercise.
• Avoid high-carbohydrate foods.
• Have annual bloodwork done to catch issues early.

9. Hyperthyroidism

The Issue: A hormonal disorder that causes weight loss, hyperactivity, and increased appetite in older cats.

Prevention Tips:

• Get yearly vet exams and blood tests for older cats.
• Monitor for behavioral or appetite changes.
• Treat early if diagnosed to avoid complications.

10. Feline Distemper (Panleukopenia)

The Issue: A highly contagious and often deadly viral disease.

Prevention Tips:

• Vaccinate kittens and keep boosters current.
• Keep your cat indoors to reduce exposure.
• Quarantine new cats before bringing them home.

🐱 Final Thoughts

Preventing cat health issues starts with awareness. Regular vet visits, a nutritious diet, clean living spaces, and lots of love are the keys to a long, happy life for your feline friend. By staying proactive, you can keep your cat healthy—and keep those purrs coming for years to come.